Study revealed how solar cell GWP shifts with site & lifetime

Fraunhofer ISE researchers in Freiburg, Germany, have analysed the global warming potential (GWP) of silicon solar cells. The study focused on market-dominating PERC technology in glass-backsheet PV modules using Czochralski-grown silicon wafers. It explored how production location, installation site, and system lifetime influence GWP. Findings showed that optimising the production location can reduce GWP by around 62%. Adjustments in installation location and extending module lifetime can lower GWP by another 58%. The research stressed the importance of accurate, location-specific electricity mix data in life cycle assessments. It also highlighted that precise modelling of the electricity mix is rarely applied but crucial. The study provides guidance for solar cell manufacturers to reduce GWP through strategic supply chain decisions.