An international team of scientists has advanced the industrialization of perovskite silicon tandem solar cells by demonstrating effective passivation of perovskite top cells on textured silicon bottom cells with large pyramid structures. Researchers from KAUST, the University of Freiburg, and Fraunhofer ISE reported in Science that unlike silicon, where passivation acts only near the surface, perovskite treatment impacted the entire absorber layer, improving efficiency and conductivity. Using 1,3-diaminopropane dihydroiodide, the team achieved 33.1 percent efficiency and 2.01 volts open-circuit voltage, while the process enhanced the fill factor through a deep field effect. The findings built on Fraunhofer’s MaNiTU, PrEsto, and Perle projects, funded by Germany’s Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy, and provided a strong foundation for future tandem solar cell development.