The International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), an intergovernmental organisation based in the UAE promoting supporting renewable energy, has recently released a report focused on the emissions of the aluminium industry. IRENA stated that global aluminium production, in 2022, produced 1.1 Gt of COâ‚‚. Nearly, 75% of those emissions were tied to the smelting operations that convert alumina into an aluminium product since those operations are particularly reliant on fossil fuel-based electricity. Global emissions varied by region as different areas relied on different electricity mixes. IRENA suggested using solar, wind, and hydropower in smelting operations is the answer to emissions. While several smelters have signed long-term renewable energy agreements, many others face regulatory and market obstacles that limit such efforts. IRENA has also reported that alumina refining and carbon anodes are responsible fornearly 20% of emissions, which require low-carbon technologies, policy support, and market mechanisms to achieve further reductions.t