According to the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy(MNRE), 33 solar parks have been developed or remain under development through CPSU(Central Public Sector Undertaking)–state partnerships. MNRE, headquartered in New Delhi, is responsible for renewable energy policy formulation and programme implementation. Land acquisition has been a persistent constraint, as utility-scale solar projects require large contiguous land parcels. As per MNRE, these 33 solar parks together have accounted for capacity of 20.7 GW. NHPC, SJVN and NTPC Green Energy are responsible for handling renewable power generation projects. According to MNRE, joint ventures have allowed states equity participation while supporting land identification. This model has reduced delays linked to land administration for solar park execution.